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In cyber-physical systems (CPS), the communication among the sensing, actuating, and computing elements is often subject to hard real-time constraints. Real-time communication among wireless network interfaces and real-time scheduling for complex, dynamic applications have been intensively studied. Despite these major efforts, there is still a significant gap to fill. In particular, the integration...
Sensor network MAC protocols are typically configured for an intended deployment scenario once and for all at compile time. This approach, however, leads to suboptimal performance if the network conditions deviate from the expectations. We present ZeroCal, a distributed algorithm that allows nodes to dynamically adapt to variations in traffic volume. Using ZeroCal, each node autonomously configures...
The ever-growing proliferation of wireless devices and technologies used for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as patient monitoring, military surveillance, and industrial automation and control, has created an increasing need for methods and tools for connectivity prediction, information flow monitoring, and failure analysis to increase the dependability of the wireless network. Indeed,...
The continuing proliferation of smartphones makes them an effective means to monitor the number of people within an area, for example, to gain insights into customer engagement in retail and to enable an intelligent traffic system in a city. However, current approaches to obtain this information are either invasive as they require to continuously run a dedicated smartphone app, or they compromise...
We demonstrate the design and implementation of a prototype hardware/software architecture for automatic single word speech recognition on resource-constrained embedded de vices. Designed as a voice-activated extension of an existing wireless nurse call system, our prototype device continually listens for a pre-recorded keyword, and uses speech recognition techniques to trigger an alert upon detecting...
By integrating computational and physical elements through feedback loops, CPSs implement a wide range of safety-critical applications, from high-confidence medical systems to critical infrastructure control. Deployed systems must therefore provide highly dependable operation against unpredictable real-world dynamics. However, common CPS hardware-comprising battery-powered and severely resource-constrained...
Mathematical models play a pivotal role in understanding and designing advanced low-power wireless systems. However, the distributed and uncoordinated operation of traditional multi-hop low-power wireless protocols greatly complicates their accurate modeling. This is mainly because these protocols build and maintain substantial network state to cope with the dynamics of low-power wireless links. Recent...
Testbeds are indispensable for debugging and evaluating wireless embedded systems. While existing testbeds provide ample opportunities for realistic, large-scale experiments, they are limited in their ability to closely observe and control the distributed operation of resource-constrained nodes—access to the nodes is restricted to the serial port. This paper presents FlockLab, a testbed that overcomes...
We present the low-power wireless bus (LWB), a simple yet efficient communication support for low-power wireless networks. The LWB maps different communication demands onto fast Glossy network flooding, effectively turning the wireless network into a bus-like infrastructure. The LWB requires no information of the network topology, thus drastically reducing the control overhead of common solutions...
We present the low-power wireless bus (LWB), a new communication paradigm for QoS-aware data collection in low-power sensor networks. The LWB maps all communication onto network floods by using Glossy, an efficient flooding architecture for wireless sensor networks. Therefore, unlike current solutions, the LWB requires no information of the network topology, and inherently supports networks with mobile...
Der effektive Einsatz von Sensornetzwerken setzt eine besonders hohe Lebensdauer der batteriebetriebenen Sensormodule voraus. In der Vergangenheit wurden deshalb zahlreiche energieeffiziente Routingprotokolle für Sensornetze entwickelt. Die überwiegende Mehrheit dieser Protokolle geht dabei von einer maschenartigen Netzwerktopologie aus. Für bestimmte Anwendungen hingegen, wie beispielsweise der sensorbasierten...
Wireless sensor networks are used for structure monitoring and border surveillance. Typical applications, such as sensors embedded in the outer surface of a pipeline or mounted along the supporting structure of a bridge, feature a linear sensor arrangement. Economical power use of sensor nodes is essential for long-lasting operation. In this paper, we present MERR (Minimum Energy Relay Routing), a...
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