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This paper describes a new low cost instrument to accurately measure power line impedances on-line. Computer simulation is presented, which shows that the fundamental accuracy of the Resistive Shunt On-line Impedance Analyzer is better than 0.1% from 0.5 Ω to 50 kΩ and from 1 kHz to 10 MHz. Hardware measurements of a wide range of resistors and on-line impedance measurements at different locations...
On-line impedance analysis allows impedances of devices and power lines to be determined for the optimum design of PLC systems. By measuring changes in impedance of devices such as transformers, motors or power lines, impending failures may also be detected. This paper discusses software for the control, signal processing and calibration of the Inductive Shunt On-Line Impedance Analyzer. The paper...
This paper describes an Inductive Shunt PLC coupler, for coupling wideband PLC signals onto power lines with high efficiency and low distortion and shows how this can be used for measuring PLC frequency impedances of power lines, distribution transformers, motors or any other appliance. The paper presents some impedance measurements of power lines, appliances and distribution transformers.
On-line impedance measurement is a useful tool to monitor the state, health and characteristics of electrical networks in power systems. This paper proposes a method for on-line, wide-bandwidth, impedance analysis of devices used in power networks. This method uses a signal generator to inject other than mains frequency signals on-line and then measuring current and voltages to determine the impedance...
The development of an On-line PLC frequency impedance analyzer is presented. This analyzer will allow the impedances of power lines, transformers and other loads to be determined at PLC frequencies while they are powered up. This then allows efficient PLC couplers to be designed and PLC communication networks to be analyzed, to ensure that no parts of the network cause data communication failure by...
A model of a 200 kVA, 240 V to 11 kV, 3 phase power distribution transformer is presented. 1000 impedance measurements, covering a frequency range of 50Hz to 5 MHz were made on each of 23 terminal combinations for this unenergized transformer. The model consists of 21 circuit elements per phase plus 2 circuit elements for neutral to transformer case coupling. That model is then optimized to minimize...
This paper proposes a method of digital predistortion suitable for wideband high crest factor applications such as those encountered in DAB, DVB-T and WCDMA transmitters. The proposed method is advantageous for four main reasons. Firstly, it utilizes a reliable frequency domain measure of transmitter output nonlinearity, specifically the Weighted Adjacent Channel Power (WACP), as the objective for...
For Smart Grid communication applications, it is desirable to control thousands of customer modems from one location. Modern OFDM Power Line Communications (PLC) modems use signals in the 9 to 95 kHz CENELEC-A frequency band and can be connected directly to LV power lines. These modems can talk across MV⇔LV distribution transformers, but with a very high signal loss. This paper discusses several PLC...
For Smart Grid communication applications using Power Line Communications (PLC) signals in the 9 to 95 kHz CENELEC-A frequency band, efficient coupling networks are required. Such a coupling network should have a low insertion loss and preferably have a low cost. Power transformers are connected on a PLC network and will have a significant influence on the PLC network's transfer function. The paper...
For Smart Grid and Power Quality measurements, a communication system is required to sent tariff information and measure Voltage, Current and Power as well as reading a smart electricity meter. James Cook University is carrying out research on using Power Line Communications (PLC) signals on Single Wire Earth Return (SWER) lines for Smart Grid applications and Power Quality assurance. For SWER lines,...
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