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When power grids are heavily stressed with a bulk power transfer, it is useful to have a fast indication of the increased stress when multiple line outages occur. Reducing the bulk power transfer when the outages are severe could forestall further cascading of the outages. We show that synchrophasor measurements of voltage angles at all the area tie lines can be used to indicate the severity of multiple...
This paper proposes an approach for considering the impact of demand side management (DSM) in energy and reserve service scheduling problem considering index of customers' reliability in electricity markets. The market clearance is performed in the presence of demand side response and both energy and reserve are dispatched optimally while accounting for different load levels, previous operating points,...
We monitor the severity of multiple line outages inside an area of the power system according to the limitations on a bulk power transfer through the area when the outages occur. The monitoring combines together synchrophasor measurements around the border of the area to form an angle across the area that can be tracked in real time. This is an approach based on physical principles to extract actionable...
Synchrophasor monitoring of angles around the area has been used to track the area stress caused by the single outage. We applied the idea of the area angle which is a combination of synchrophasor measurements of voltage angles around the border of the area to measure the severity of the single line outages inside the area. Both idealized and practical examples are given to show that the variation...
Area angles are a way to quantify the stress across an area of a power system by combining synchrophasor measurements of angles at the border buses of the area. One use of the area angle is to quickly monitor stress changes due to line outages within the area. We explain the area angle, illustrate its use on a 30-bus Japanese test system, and discuss how to choose areas.
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