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A divalent cation-selective electrode, which utilizes a lipophilic resin as a matrix for the sensing membrane, and which has long-term stability has been developed. The sensing membrane is a lipophilic acrylate resin which is impregnated with a solution of 1-decylalcohol and the calcium salt of bis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenyl] phosphate at concentrations of 0.08 g ml −1 each. The electrode...
Samples of fresh meat stored at 5°C were periodically removed from storage and washed with water for periods of up to 2 weeks. The amount of amino acids, polyamines and viable counts (number of bacteria) in the washed water were measured by using an HPLC system and a colony counting method. At the same time, the washed water was charged into a flow injection analysis (FIA) system combined a microbial...
A continuous monitoring system for cyanide with a galvanic hydrogen cyanide sensor and an aeration pump for purging was developed. Hydrogen cyanide evolved from cyanide solution using a purging pump was measured with the hydrogen cyanide sensor. The system showed good performance in terms of stability and selectivity. A linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentrating range from 0 to 15...
A simple flow injection analysis (FIA) system for residual chlorine in tap water has been developed by using a Pb(II) ion-selective electrode (ISE) detector. The method is based on a specific response of the Pb(II)-ISE to residual chlorine. The FIA system consists of a millivolt meter, a peristaltic pump, a Pb(II)-ISE detector and a recorder. A linear working curve between peak height and concentration...
Characteristics of cadmium ion-selective electrode made cadmium sulphide (CdS)-silver sulphide (Ag 2 S) mixture were studied. CdS-Ag 2 S mixtures were obtained by gas/solid-phase reaction between silver-cadmium mixed powder and hydrogen sulphide gas (dry method) and by ionic reaction between cadmium-silver mixed ions and sulphide ion (wet method). As a result, it was found that the...
A low cost flow-injection analysis (FIA) with a dissolved oxygen (DO) detector and a xanthine oxidase immobilized column for the analysis of hypoxanthine as an index to determine degree of aging in meat was developed for quality control in the food industry. In this system, hypoxanthine is oxidized by an enzyme reaction with xanthine oxidase immobilized on the column to produce xanthine. Then the...
A solid-state nitrate ion-selective electrode based on an Urushi matrix membrane was developed. Urushi, a natural oriental lacquer, has excellent mechanical strength and binding affinity for metal electrodes. Using the same technique for a dip-coating ion-selective electrode, an electrode was prepared by coating and hardening a sensing membrane on the metal base. The effects of the metal electrode...
The best reproducible technology of pH measurement for precise pH buffer solutions regulated by Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) was studied. A pH meter was devised with a high resolution of ± 0.0001 pH. An 18-bit analog-to-digital converter is used, one-bit resolution corresponding to 0.0019 mV (ca. 0.000032 pH) against an input electrode potential ± 500 mV. Digital data were treated smoothly...
A porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) junction reference electrode with an air-tight inner solution chamber containing saturated potassium chloride (KCl) was developed for flow analysis. This reference electrode is not influenced by a change in the sample pressure, and is not necessary to supply the KCl inner solution. The pore size of the porous PTFE junction is about 150 μm, although the conventional...
When a silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) reference electrode was used continuously in a low conductivity solution or reductive solution, it was often observed that stability of the liquid junction potential was lost. This phenomenon was remarkable with a Ag/AgCl reference electrode compared to a calomel reference electrode. We found that 340 mg 1 -1 of silver was dissolved in 3 M potassium...
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