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We consider a commodity procurement problem where a firm satisfies a future customer demand with uncertainty risk via spot trading and forward sourcing. Although the firm can make demand forecast update and hence, remove demand uncertainty when the selling season arrives, it is still susceptible to a high emergency logistics cost at that time spot. Therefore, in this paper, the tradeoff between the...
We consider a three-tier supply chain with an original equipment manufacturer (OEM, the fashion brand), a contract manufacturer (CM), and a material supplier. There exist two typical outsource structures: control and delegation, where control refers to that the OEM only outsources products production to the CM, while delegation refers to that the OEM outsources both products production and materials...
We study the impact of demand uncertainty on the quantity leadership/followership choice of an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and his competitive contract manufacturer (CM), who produces for the OEM and sells self-branded products in the downstream market. We assume demand is uncertain at stage 1, but can be fully disclosed at stage 2. The OEM and the competitive CM can engage in one of three...
Consider a co-opetitive supply chain comprising a manufacturer and a key component supplier. The latter may develop its self-branded business and hence become the manufacturer's upstream partner and downstream competitor. Given the quality level of the manufacturer's product, we study whether the supplier should enter the market and if so, what's the optimal quality level. We also study whether the...
Considering a periodic review system where the seller allows customers' delayed payments, referred to as cash-on-delivery payment scheme, we investigate the seller's optimal pricing and inventory control policy. Specifically, we examine the impact of customers' order cancelations, possibly due to their expectation of price markdown in the future. Under mild conditions, we show that the base-stock...
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) is a brand new selling strategy for enterprise software developers and it spreads quickly in the recent years. In this paper we develop a dynamic model with state-dependent demand and quality decisions to describe the revenue and cost structures for the firm who is the software service provider. We show that there exists a unique optimal strategy for the service provider...
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