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Contributions of muscle forces in isometric and normal (movement) reaching have not been thoroughly compared. In this study, we ask if position-based and velocity-based cursor mappings during planar isometric reaching produce muscle forces that are similar to those exerted during unassisted movement. Healthy subjects pushed against a static manipulandum handle to direct a cursor toward a target using...
Isometric reaching, in which the arm remains stationary and the user controls a virtual cursor via force input, is a motor task that has not been thoroughly compared to real reaching. In this study, we ask if isometric adaptation to a kinematic perturbation is similar to adaptation in movement, and if the type of isometric mapping (position or velocity control) influences learning. Healthy subjects...
In the instruction of motor tasks, feedback from a teacher in the form of visual demonstration, aural directives, or physical guidance enhances student performance and facilitates motor learning. When the teacher's guidance is not available, or visual and aural cues are not appropriate, a wearable presentation of haptic feedback that mimics the teacher's touch is an alternative solution. We present...
Human-machine interfaces (HMIs) are widely used in biomedical applications, from teleoperated surgical systems to rehabilitation devices. This paper investigates a method of control that allows an HMI to transition from anisometric to isometric mode, shifting the control input from position to force as the user's movement is gradually reduced. Two different approaches for achieving this transition...
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