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PV based distributed generators are inverter based and employ a switching scheme to inject power into the grid. The most common and commercially used technique involves the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controlled technique. Although PWM based technique is widely used, it is not affirmative to conclude that hysteresis controlled technique could be dismissed completely. A comparative evaluation and...
As more number of distributed generators like PV are penetrated into the power system network, the interaction of the filter elements associated with PV inverter and rest of the distribution system elements on network resonance needs to be investigated. Although the recent investigation of network resonance is focusing only on distributed generators like PV, the impact from distribution lines coming...
The increase in penetration levels of distributed generators like PV and Wind in a distribution system makes the IEEE 519 standard to be a vital aspect towards power quality. The network resonance has been described by IEEE 519 as a major contributor towards the harmonic distortion. Non-linear loads such as transformers, machines, silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs), solid state devices, power transistors,...
The problems associated with the harmonics needs more attention as more number of distributed generators like PV and wind are integrated into a distribution system. Although the integration presents a lot of benefits, satisfying the needs of local load requirements by reducing the line losses and facilitating congestion management, the problems of power quality that impact the distribution system...
Multi-physics design, simulation and analysis studies on an induction motor drive system rated 1 MW 15,000 RPM 4160 V are presented. Component level manufacturability and materials selection have been performed for the high speed application. Litz wire stator coils have been designed to reduce high frequency proximity losses. Prototype stator coils have been manufactured and tested. The various components...
Photovoltaic energy (PV) is one of the cleanest forms of renewable energy. The popularity of this technology has been widely recognized with the incentives provided by the governments of various countries across the globe. Day by day, the growth rate of PV is steadily increasing. Renewable energy resources like PV are interfaced with power electronic inverters to enable its interconnection to the...
Utility scale photovoltaic plants often use megawatt scale central inverters with high efficiency and power density. Inverter manufacturers now offer solutions over 2 MW for 1000 V DC class PV arrays. Certifying inverters at this power level can present test equipment design and procurement challenges. This paper describes a retrofit of an existing medium voltage, 9-level TECO Westinghouse VersaBridge...
This paper investigates a common problem in the snubber circuits of medium-voltage solid-state AC switches in industrial environments where PWM voltage-source converters are prevalent. The switches considered here were designed to evaluate fault ride-through capabilities for megawatt scale wind turbine generators and other generators with grid-connected stators. It is shown in the paper that, if left...
This paper documents the design, development, and commissioning effort for a multimegawatt mechanical and electrical test facility for renewable energy research. The mechanical test platforms are specifically designed to explore the machine dynamics of wind turbine nacelles. The electrical test areas can be interconnected with the mechanical platforms to facilitate complete mechanical and electrical...
Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) testing using real-time simulation allows system designers to lower risks associated with system integration of new technology. Controller HIL (CHIL) is used here to verify the controller platform of a 15 MW amplifier that will be used as a grid simulator in Power HIL (PHIL) configuration. This allows elements of a smart electrical distribution system to be tested in an...
As the electric grid evolves into the smart grid, the ability to adequately model and test components going on the grid becomes more critical. As such, the role of large scale testbeds capable of testing utility-scale equipment will play an ever increasing role in the development of smart grid technologies. A flexible and robust communication and control system is of paramount importance in the successful...
This paper documents the design and development effort for constructing a multi-megawatt mechanical and electrical test facility for renewable energy research. The mechanical test platforms are specifically designed to explore the machine dynamics of wind turbine nacelles. The electrical test areas can be interconnected with the mechanical platforms to facilitate complete mechanical and electrical...
In conjunction with the development of a wind turbine drivetrain testing facility, a fully configurable 15 MVA Hardware-In-the-Loop medium-voltage electric grid system capable of four-quadrant operation is being designed and installed. To successfully operate this system when performing fault ride-through evaluations, a control algorithm has been developed to prevent saturation of the interface transformer's...
This paper is an introduction to the implementation of the 15 MW Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) Grid Simulator that serves as the corner stone of the Duke Energy Electric Grid Research, Innovation and Development (eGRID) Center. The eGRID Center is collocated with the Wind Turbine Drivetrain Testing Facility (WTDTF) within the SCE&G Energy Innovation Center at Clemson University's Restoration Institute...
This paper describes in detail the 7.5 and 15 megawatt mechanical test benches located at the Wind Turbine Drivetrain Testing Facility (WTDTF) at Clemson University's Restoration Institute in North Charleston, SC, USA, including their ability to couple with a 15 megawatt, hardware-in-the-loop, electric grid simulator at the Duke Energy eGRID Center located at the same site. System topology of both...
The voltage fluctuation and subsequent lamp flicker caused by the starting inrush current of residential heat pumps is a well-known issue. While there are technologies on the market designed to mitigate this issue, these solutions cannot completely provide a flicker-free result. Research into the cause of the problem and the development of a solution is the motivation of this work. This paper will...
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