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In recent years, digital microfluidic biochips are being dominantly used for implementing a wide range of biochemical laboratory protocols (bioprotocols) on hand-held devices. Accurate preparation of fluid-samples is a fundamental preprocessing step that is needed in many bioprotocols. Oftentimes, the number of reservoirs built on-chip may be far less than that of the reactant fluids to be mixed....
In many biochemical protocols, a mixture of several fluids in a certain ratio is repeatedly required, and hence a sufficient quantity of the mixture must be supplied for on-chip bioassay completion. For example, in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) a premixed and ready-to-use solution, called PCR master mix containing different fluids at optimal concentrations, is used for efficient amplification of...
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