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The effect of voltage ripple on the power output of a photovoltaic panel is calculated and tested experimentally. Voltage ripple induces a much larger power reduction than would be predicted from a conventional small-signal model of the panels I-V characteristic, even with small ripple amplitude. A simple expression is provided to calculate power reduction from rms ripple voltage, for any ripple waveform...
The design and fabrication of coupled inductors with low profile, low cost, and high power density for tapped-inductor high-step-down dc-dc power converters in the very high frequency (30-300 MHz) range are presented. The inductor consists of a multi-layer thin-polyimide printed circuit board (PCB) and nano-granular thin-film magnetic material deposited on both sides and on beveled cuts to form a...
This work investigates the performance of multilayer foil windings in which the layers are interchanged to balance the flux linked by each layer and thus the current is shared equally between layers. Prototype transformers were built to confirm how much of the theoretical loss reduction is achievable in practice. The accuracy of the method to determine the location of the interchange is improved by...
This paper introduces a probabilistic analysis of the effects of noise on various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms for photovoltaic systems, including how noise affects both tracking speed and overall efficiency. The results of this analysis are verified by simulations. This analysis provides a better understanding of how noise affects performance and it can be used to optimize an MPPT...
We introduce a circuit topology and associated control method suitable for high efficiency DC to AC grid-tied power conversion. This approach is well matched to the requirements of module integrated converters for solar photovoltaic (PV) applications. The topology is based on a series resonant inverter, a high frequency transformer, and a novel half-wave cycloconverter. Zero-voltage switching is used...
This paper introduces an analysis of the effect of noise on a continuous-time maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for photovoltaic systems, leading to an optimization of the system parameters. The results of this are then compared to discrete-time algorithms. This analysis provides a better understanding of how noise affects the performance of MPPT algorithms and how well those effects can...
Magnetic devices, which are difficult to integrate, are the largest and most lossy components in power conversion circuits. Increasing switching frequencies enable shrinking the size of magnetics and realizing integrating magnetics on-chip, but controlling losses of the magnetics at high frequencies is challenging. Thin-film V-groove inductors have demonstrated good performance on both power density...
There are a number of different analytical and numerical methods for calculating the winding loss of magnetic components. Analytical methods such as Dowell's method and Bessel-function methods require assumptions which severely reduce their accuracy for designs with 2-D field geometries such as those present in gapped transformers and inductors. While numerical methods such as finite-element-analysis...
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