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The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) standard is widely used for coding still images. The JPEG standard includes two basic compression methods. A DCT-based method is specified for `lossy' compression, and a predictive method for 'lossless' compression. JPEG features a simple lossy technique known as the Baseline method which has been by far the most widely implemented method for large number...
The existing mobile communication systems operate in selected environments only; it would be desirable to have a new universal system, which could operate anywhere, anytime using unified equipment. Also, taking into account the limitations imposed by the finite amount of radio spectrum available, the focus of third generation (3G) mobile systems is to provide seamless service from the customer perspective...
In this paper, a test method for testing SU-8 and PDMS based hybrid glucose sensor with gold electrodes sandwiched between the two SU-8 layers is presented. Poly dimethylesiloxane (PDMS) and SU-8 is used as a flexible and bio-compatible sensor substrate material. Furthermore, SU-8 and PDMS is optically transparent and haemocompatible which is very important for implantable sensors. Different methods...
The conversion of polyol materials, including 1,2-diols, into higher commodity chemicals is actively being pursued by many researchers. Here we report the production of propanal from aqueous propylene glycol and hydrogen peroxide using a Ru/alumina catalyst. Experiments were conducted by adding up to four peroxide equivalents under steady-state reflux conditions at 371K. The product propanal and its...
In wireless communication, concept of parallel transmission of symbols is applied to achieve high throughput and better transmission quality. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the techniques for parallel transmission. The idea of OFDM is to split the total transmission bandwidth into a number of orthogonal subcarriers in order to transmit the symbols using these subcarriers...
In this article, we present an electro-enzymatic glucose sensor fabricated using a novel self-aligned and hybrid polymer fabrication process. The self-aligned fabrication process was carried out using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a process substrate material, SU-8 (a negative, epoxy based photoresist) as a sensor substrate material and gold as an electrode material. The electro-enzymatic glucose...
In this paper, a new approach to improve long term stability of electro-enzymatic glucose sensors is presented. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are employed for surface treatment of the gold electrodes to improve adhesion. Three types of functional alkylthiols, namely 11-amino-1-undecanethiol hydrochloride, 1-hexadecanethiol (1- hexadecanthiol) and 1,9-nonanedithiol, and bovine serum albumin (BSA)...
In this article, a cost effective and simple electro-enzymatic sensor to measure glucose concentration non-invasively is proposed. Measurement of blood glucose concentration for early diabetes detection is one of the major health concerns. Usually, blood or other biofluid is collected by puncturing the finger or fore arm (invasive) which is a painful process. Hence, blood glucose measurement by non-invasive...
The design of PC programmable digital hearing-testing device is described in this paper targeting the testing of hearing impairedness in a laboratory environment. It is used to measure the response of each ear at different frequencies and at different sound pressure level (SPL). The device input is the serial 12-bit data and 7-bit control signal from USB connection while the output signal is sound...
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