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•Autocycling is a form of patient–ventilator asynchrony (PVA) seen during non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). •These phenomena occur due to aberrant flow signals within the ventilator circuit •Low respiratory drive and a lack of dynamic hyperinflation are predisposing factors. •PVA can impair sleep quality and nocturnal gas exchange. •A systematic approach to changes in ventilator...
Alterations in resorption cavities and bone remodeling events during anti-resorptive treatment are believed to contribute to reductions in fracture risk. Here, we examine changes in the size of individual remodeling events associated with treatment with a selective estrogen receptor modulator (raloxifene) or a bisphosphonate (risedronate). Adult female rats (6months of age) were submitted to ovariectomy...
This paper discusses the problem statement of a project: "Conduct analysis to determine the effectiveness of FFW equipment and ensure it increases the combat power of a small combat unit" in environments other than MOUT scenarios. Suggestions included looking at the jungle or mountain environment or a scenario involving a FFW equipped small combat unit searching a cave for weapons. Another...
GRAPPA is a popular reconstruction technique in parallel imaging. In GRAPPA, a least-squares technique is used to solve the over-determined equations and get the "fitting" coefficients for the reconstruction. We developed the robust GRAPPA method whereby robust estimation techniques are used to estimate the coefficients with discounting of k-space data outliers. One implementation, slow...
We are investigating methods to reduce partial volume effect (PVE) in medical images acquired as a series of thick slices, in particular magnetic resonance imaging (MRl) of the human neck for atherosclerosis characterization. We extend the reverse diffusion algorithm to 3D and include a smoothing term to increase the robustness to noise. Evaluation on a synthetic data set showed a sharp reduction...
We are involved in a comprehensive program to characterize atherosclerotic disease using multiple MR images having different contrast mechanisms (T1W, T2W, PDW, magnetization transfer, etc.) of human carotid and animal model arteries. We use specially designed intravascular and surface array coils that give high signal-to-noise but suffer from sensitivity inhomogeneity and significant noise. We present...
Flat panel detectors have a large number of parameters that affect fluoroscopy image quality. Scintillator thickness is very important and can be readily changed in fabrication. With increasing thickness, there is a degradation of MTF with spatial blurring but improved conversion efficiency. This design trade-off should be optimized for visualization. Using quantitative experimental and techniques,...
In vivo small animal imaging provides a powerful tool for the study of a variety of diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an established technology for the assessment of therapies. In this study, we used high-resolution MRI to evaluate polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in transgenic mice. We used a customized mouse coil to acquire serial MR images from both wide-type and transgenic PKD...
Parallel imaging techniques are being applied in MRI to improve the spatial or temporal resolution. Generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA) is one of the most popular reconstruction techniques in parallel imaging. In GRAPPA, several k-space lines are acquired in addition to the normal subsampled data acquisition. Coil mapping information is extracted from these lines and...
We are involved in a comprehensive program to characterize atherosclerotic disease using multiple MR images having different contrast mechanisms (T1W, T2W, PDW, magnetization transfer, etc.) of human carotid and animal model arteries. We use specially designed intravascular and surface array coils that give high signal-to-noise but suffer from sensitivity inhomogeneity and significant noise. We present...
Solid tumors and other pathologies can be treated using laser thermal ablation under interventional magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) guidance. We developed a model to predict cell death from MR thermometry measurements and applied it to in vivo rabbit brain data. To align post-ablation T2-weighted spin-echo MR lesion images to gradient echo MR images, from which temperature is derived, we used a...
This work aims to develop computer-aided diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus using endoscopic optical coherence tomography. Current image processing methods include attenuation measurement and texture analysis. Preliminary results indicate encouraging differentiation of dysplastic from nondysplastic tissue.
The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), is a damaging pest of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum L., and durum wheat, T. turgidum L. ssp. durum Desf. Husn., in many wheat production areas of the world. Breeding for host plant resistance is the most agronomically desirable way to control this pest. Twenty-seven major genes conferring resistance to Hessian fly have been identified and used in wheat...
Highly linear FET amplifiers have been built to supplant conventional traveling wave tubes for application to C-band satellites serving spectrum efficient single sideband transmission. Detailed experimental results on various amplifier configurations are given.
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