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Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A), one of seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin, is taken up by neurons of the peripheral nervous system. Within the neurons it catalyzes cleavage of the synaptosomal-associated protein having a mass of 25kDa, SNAP-25, thereby blocking neurotransmission. BoNT/A has been shown to interact with SV2, as well as gangliosides that are often found in lipid rafts...
A number of viruses, bacteria, and bacterial toxins can only act on cells that express the appropriate glycosphingolipids (GSLs) on the outer surface of their plasma membranes. An example of this dependency is provided by botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) which is synthesized by Clostridium botulinum and inhibits neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction by catalyzing hydrolysis of a SNARE protein,...
A mutant of a β-barrel protein, rat intestinal fatty acid binding protein, was predicted to be more stable than the wild-type protein due to a novel hydrogen bond. Equilibrium denaturation studies indicated the opposite: the V60N mutant protein was less stable. The folding transitions followed by CD and fluorescence were reversible and two-state for both mutant and wild-type protein. However, the...
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