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Natural killer (NK) cells represent an important first line of defense against viruses and malignancy [1]. NK cells express a variety of inhibitory and activating receptors that interact with classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on potential target cells and determine the NK cell response [2–4]. Mouse NK receptors are encoded by the C-type lectin multigene family Ly49...
By screening the expressed sequence tag (EST) database, we identified transcripts of two new human genes that are polyadenylated within a long terminal repeat (LTR) of the HERV-H endogenous retrovirus family. The first gene, termed HHLA2, is represented by two EST clones and one cDNA clone, all of which have a polyadenylated LTR as their 3′ end. The gene has an open reading frame (ORF) of 414 amino...
We previously reported that a long terminal repeat (LTR) of a human endogenous retrovirus of the HERV-H family promotes expression of a cellular fusion transcript in teratocarcinoma cell lines. This transcript was termed PLA2L due to two regions of similarity to the secreted form of phospholipase A 2 . In this study, evidence is presented indicating that this transcript appears to be the result...
In a previous study, we isolated a novel human cDNA with two domains of homology to secreted phospholipase A2(sPLA2) embedded within a much larger open reading frame. The corresponding gene, termed PLA2L, is also unusual in that it is transcribed from an endogenous retroviral long terminal repeat promoter in teratocarcinoma cell lines. The associated retroviral element, a member of the HERV-H family...
During the course of an investigation into the potential effects of endogenous retroviruses on adjacent gene expression, we isolated two cDNA clones containing a small sequence segment belonging to the human endogenous retrovirus family, HERV-H. Characterization of the clones revealed that they represent transcripts from a novel KRAB zinc finger gene termed ZNF177. The two cDNA clones differ at their...
The evolutionary origin and age of the HERV-H family of human endogenous retrovirus-like sequences was investigated in this study. HERV-H elements exist in approximately 900 partially deleted copies and 50–100 more intact forms in humans and Old World monkeys. However, their possible presence in more divergent species is unknown. We have isolated a 1.6-kb genomic DNA segment from the New World monkey...
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