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The often studied stretch reflex is fundamental to the involuntary control of posture and movement. Nevertheless, there remains controversy regarding its functional role. Many studies have demonstrated that stretch reflexes can be modulated in a task appropriate manner. This review focuses on modulation of the long-latency stretch reflex, thought to be mediated, at least in part, by supraspinal pathways...
Following stroke, individuals often are unable to activate their elbow and shoulder muscles independently. There is growing evidence that altered reflex pathways may contribute to these abnormal patterns of activation or muscle synergies. Most studies investigating reflex function following stroke have examined only individual joints at rest. Thus, the purpose of this study was to quantify multijoint...
To successfully complete a motor task, it is necessary to control not only the kinematics and dynamics of a limb, but also its mechanical properties. In a multijoint task such as the control of arm posture, limb mechanics are directional, resisting external disturbances more effectively in certain directions than others. It has been demonstrated that feedforward neuromotor pathways can regulate these...
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