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Influenza A virus (IAV) non-structural protein 1 (NS1) suppresses host innate immune responses by inhibiting type I interferon (IFN) production. We provide evidence that residues F103 and M106 in the CPSF4-binding domain of A/HK/1/68 [H3N2] NS1 contribute to post-transcriptional inhibition of antiviral IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), thereby suppressing an antiviral type I IFN response. Recombinant (r)...
The multifunctional non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of influenza A viruses (IAVs) inhibits IFN production and can interact with the regulatory subunit of PI3K, p85ß, through an SH2-binding domain. Given the contributions of NS1 to immune evasion, we undertook studies to examine the effects of NS1 in the context of the type I IFN signaling response. We provide evidence that expression of avian H5N1...
The multifunctional non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of influenza A viruses inhibits interferon (IFN) production and can interact with multiple host proteins, including the regulatory subunit of PI3K, p85β, through an SH2-binding domain. Given the contribution of NS1 to immune evasion, we undertook studies to examine the effects of NS1 in the context of the type I IFN signaling response. We provide...
The whey acidic protein family member, WFDC1/ps20 is a permissivity factor in HIV infection. Herein we describe a contrasting role for ps20 in limiting MHV-1 infection. Intranasal MHV-1 infection produces a respiratory infection in mice. Using ps20 knockout mice we provide evidence that intranasal MHV-1 infection results in increased lung viral titers in ps20 −/− compared to ps20 +/+ ...
Interferons (IFNs)-α/β are critical effectors of the innate immune response to virus infections. Through activation of the IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR), they induce expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that encode antiviral proteins capable of suppressing viral replication and promoting viral clearance. Many highly pathogenic viruses have evolved mechanisms to evade an IFN response and the balance...
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