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In order to maximize Cu volume and reduce via resistance, barrier thickness reduction is a strong option. Alternative barriers for next-generation BEOL were evaluated in terms of barrier performance to O2 and Cu diffusion, and effects on reliability. A clear correlation of O2 barrier performance to electromigration was observed, suggesting that the key role of the barrier layer is to prevent oxidation...
Interactive segmentation is useful for selecting objects of interest in images and continues to be a topic of much study. Methods that grow regions from foreground/background seeds, such as the recent geodesic segmentation approach, avoid the boundary-length bias of graph-cut methods but have their own bias towards minimizing paths to the seeds, resulting in increased sensitivity to seed placement...
Image matting is the process of extracting a soft segmentation of an object in an image as defined by the matting equation. Most current techniques focus largely on computing the alpha values of unknown pixels and treat computation of the foreground and background colors as an afterthought, if at all. However, for many applications, such as compositing an object into a new scene or deleting an object...
We present a new background estimation algorithm that constructs the background of an image sequence with moving objects by copying areas from input frames. The background estimation problem is formulated as an optimal labeling problem in which the label at an output pixel is the frame number from which to copy the background color. The costs of assigning labels encourage seamless copying from regions...
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