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A small suite of well-characterized Australian and N. American coals ranging in rank from brown to high-volatile bituminous and in H/C atomic ratio from 0.73 to 1 was reacted at 365 and 400°C with CO, H 2 and CO-H 2 mixtures in water. The effect of acid-washing was negligible, except for one coal of high Mg and Ca content. Impregnation of the coals with sodium aluminate (NaAlO ...
High conversions in Ni-Mo- and NaAlO 2 -Ni-Mo-catalysed no-solvent hydrogenation of a low-rank coal were obtained in a 35 mL reactor (1 g coal charge) heated in a horizontal position with vertical agitation. Much lower conversions were obtained in a 55 mL reactor (3 g coal charge) heated in a vertical position with a stirrer; however, the favourable effect of NaAlO 2 addition in giving...
Reactions of brown coals, previously impregnated with aqueous solutions of nickel(II) acetate (0.2 wt% Ni, db) and ammonium heptamolybdate (0.6 wt% Mo, db), with hydrogen at 400°C gave very high conversions (up to 92 wt% for 60 min reaction time) to products soluble in dichloromethane, water and gas in the absence of reactions solvent or added sulfur. Variation in concentration of the Ni and Mo showed...
Conversion of low-rank coal to liquid products in tubular reactors decreased sharply when the reactors were mounted other than horizontally. The effect was greater for reactions in the absence of solvent than for those in the presence of tetralin.
Two coals (Beulah, PSOC-1483, and a Thai coal, TH23) of unusually high reactivity with hydrogen and tetralin were shown to contain significant methoxy group contents. The fate of the methoxy groups when these coals were reacted under N 2 at 320°C (with and without added decalin) and with H 2 -tetralin and H 2 -SnO 2 at 405°C was studied. The reactions of TH23 coal...
Well-characterized coals of different H atomic ratio and rank were reacted at 365°C with CO, H 2 and CO-H 2 mixtures in water in the presence and absence of sodium aluminate. The optimum H 2 ratio for conversion was found to vary with the type of coal. It was <1:1 for low-rank and subbituminous coals, whereas the conversion of bituminous coals either did not vary with...
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