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Evidence from animal studies continues to document the effectiveness of brown fat based thermogenesis in stimulating energy expenditure to reduce obesity. Evidence shows that the number of brown adipocytes in white fat is determined by developmental mechanisms, not the environment. The large variability in the capacity for brown fat thermogenesis comes from genetic variability in developmental mechanisms...
Current worldwide figures suggest that obesity is pandemic. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms would help develop viable anti-obesity therapies. Here, we assess the influence of obesity-induced inflammation on white adipocyte cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling, which is beneficial for adipocyte differentiation and thermogenesis. We find that murine gonadal and not inguinal...
The development of mammalian oocytes is dependent on bidirectional signaling with the surrounding cumulus cells. Among the numerous factors that contribute to oocyte developmental competence, the mitochondria and the mitochondrial DNA play pivotal roles. Although these highly abundant organelles have been well-studied in oocytes, their roles, abundance and metabolism remain elusive in cumulus cells...
Objective
The current review summarizes recent advances in the origin of brown adipocytes in rodents and humans.
Methods
This review describes recent insights into induction of the brown adipocyte phenotype (BAP) in white fat (WAT) revealed by murine studies during the early postnatal period and reversible temperature transitions. The origin of adipocytes and identity of progenitors as indicated...
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