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Radical nephrectomy has been the mainstay for the treatment of localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) since first described by Robson in 1969 (1). The laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) has introduced a new standard of care to the field of urology. LRN is an advanced procedure requiring training in laparoscopic techniques. An intraabdominal hand gives improved tactile feedback to the urologist,...
Laparoscopic instrumentation continues to evolve towards smaller, more reliable, and better ergonomic devices, with a larger variety of choices. Since the first edition of this textbook, subtle improvements are readily apparent in existing devices as first-generation instruments progress towards later-generation models. New technology exists to allow procedures to be performed with fewer complications...
To compare the success rates, cost effectiveness, and efficiency of ureteroscopy (URS) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for proximal ureteral stones. In a retrospective manner, 220 patients who underwent treatment for proximal ureteral stones were included in the study. The patient records, radiographs, and billing statements of all patients treated for upper ureteral stones between...
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