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This research note uses exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) to understand regional conflict escalation. This study suggests rethinking the use of strict thresholds of conflict in studies of civil war, given that hot spots are predictors of conflict escalation. In the Colombian case, human rights violations hot spots are predictors of higher intensity conflict escalation.
We use a random sample of coffee producing households in southern Mexico to compare opportunities associated with government subsidies and migration to the role of Fair Trade/organic coffee in household livelihoods. Although land and labor returns among Fair Trade/organic coffee growers are higher than for conventional growers, differences in yields are more important than price premiums. Moreover,...
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