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This analysis examined potential causes of the lack of vaccine effectiveness (VE) of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) against A/H1N1pdm09 viruses in the United States (US) during the 2013–2014 season. Laboratory studies have demonstrated reduced thermal stability of A/California/07/2009, the A/H1N1pdm09 strain utilized in LAIV from 2009 through 2013–2014.Post hoc analyses of a 2013–2014 test-negative...
Serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) antibodies have been associated with protection from influenza infection. HAI antibody responses to live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) and their role in protection are not fully elucidated. This study characterizes HAI titers for LAIV. Serum HAI data were pooled from 40 LAIV clinical trials enrolling subjects aged 2–49years. Using pre- and postvaccination...
The genetic and phenotypic stability of viruses isolated from young children following intranasal administration of the trivalent live-attenuated influenza virus vaccine (LAIV, marketed in the United States as FluMist) was evaluated by determination of genomic sequence and assessment of the cold-adapted (ca), temperature-sensitive (ts) and attenuated (att) phenotypes. The complete genomic sequence...
FluMist ® is a live-attenuated, trivalent influenza vaccine (LAIV) recently approved for intranasal administration. To demonstrate genetic stability during manufacture of the vaccine viruses in LAIV and a similar vaccine in development (CAIV-T), full genome consensus sequences were determined at multiple manufacturing stages for four influenza type A and five type B strains. The critical cold-adapted...
This study was designed to compare the safety and immunogenicity of a trivalent live-attenuated, cold-adapted influenza vaccine (CAIV-T) blended and filled at two different manufacturing facilities (Medeva and Aviron-PA). The vaccines contained approximately 10 7 TCID 50 (median tissue culture infectious dose) of each of the three recommended 1997-1998 influenza vaccine components,...
A recombinant human antibody fragment, designated RSV Fab 19, efficiently neutralizes respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Here we report the results of our sequence analysis of antibody escape mutants that identified F glycoprotein amino acids critical for binding of human or murine RSV F-neutralizing antibodies.
Temperature sensitive (ts) mutants of influenza A virus have the potential to serve as live attenuated (att) virus vaccines. Previously, ts mutants were isolated by chemical mutagenesis or arose spontaneously, and most likely contained point mutations in one or more genes. While sufficiently attenuated, even the most genetically stable of these viruses was found to revert to a more virulent form...
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