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The genetic basis of the phenotypic difference between human and chimpanzee is one of the most actively pursued issues in current genomics. Although the genomic divergence between the two species has been described, the transcriptomic divergence has not been well documented. Thus, we newly sequenced and analyzed chimpanzee full-length cDNAs (FLcDNAs) representing 87 protein-coding genes. The number...
It is possible to assess positive selection by using the ratio of K a (nonsynonymous substitutions per plausible nonsynonymous sites) to K s (synonymous substitutions per plausible synonymous sites). We have searched candidate genes positively selected during primate evolution by using 5′-end sequences of 21,302 clones derived from cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) brain cDNA...
In order to isolate genes that may not be represented in current human brain cDNA libraries, we have sequenced about 20,000 sequence tags of cDNA clones derived from cerebellum and parietal lobe of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). We determined the entire cDNA sequence of approximately 700 clones whose 5'-terminal sequences showed no homology to annotated putative genes or expressed sequence...
Abstract. For understanding the pathogenesis of Down syndrome (DS), it is important to identify and characterize the genes on Chromosome (Chr) 21, especially those in the Down syndrome critical region (DSCR) on Chr 21q22.2. Recently we have determined 33.5 Mb (more than 99%) of DNA sequence of Chr 21 and, from these sequence data, we identified a novel gene, DSCR5 (transcript = 0.8 kb), from DSCR...
We have identified a novel gene encoding a protein bearing GTP-binding motifs, the characteristics of GTP-binding proteins (G proteins). The deduced amino acid sequence exhibited the highest overall homology with GTPBP1 and its mouse orthologue GP-1. Hence, we named the gene GTPBP2. The mouse orthologue of this gene, Gtpbp2, showed 98% identity with GTPBP2 over the entire protein (the HGMW-approved...
We have cloned cDNA for TTYH1, a human homologue of the Drosophila melanogaster tweety (tty) gene. The 450-residue predicted protein shows 27% amino acid sequence identity (51% similarity) to the Drosophila protein, which contains an additional C-terminal repetitive region. A second Drosophila homologue exhibits 42% identity (65% similarity) to the tty protein. Mouse (Ttyh1), macaque, and Caenorhabditis...
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