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Jaundice is the result of accumulation of bilirubin in plasma, sometimes from overproduction from senescent erythrocytes but more usually through failure of the liver to remove it from the plasma or excrete it into the intestine via the bile ducts. Overproduction (haemolysis) or reduced conjugation through a defective uridine diphosphate-glucuronyl transferase in Gilbert's syndrome results in a modest...
Jaundice is the result of accumulation of bilirubin in plasma, sometimes from overproduction from senescent erythrocytes but more usually through failure of the liver to remove it from plasma or excrete it into the intestine via the bile ducts. Overproduction (haemolysis) or reduced conjugation through a defective uridine diphosphate-glucuronyl transferase in Gilbert's syndrome results in a modest...
Jaundice is the result of accumulation of bilirubin in plasma, sometimes from its overproduction from senescent erythrocytes but more usually through failure of the liver to either remove it from plasma or excrete it into the intestine via the bile ducts. Overproduction (haemolysis) or reduced conjugation through a defective UDP-glucuronyl transferase in Gilbert’s syndrome results in modest elevations...
With an ever increasing range of investigative tools available for suspected liver or biliary tract disease, it is even more important that they are used rationally in the knowledge of their individual value. Conventional liver function tests are non-specific although the distinction between hepatitic and cholestatic patterns can be useful. Serum albumin and prothrombin time are the only routine liver...
Jaundice is the result of accumulation of bilirubin in plasma, sometimes from its overproduction but more usually through failure of the liver to either remove it from plasma or excrete it into the intestine via the bile ducts. Bilirubin is a breakdown product of haemoglobin from senescent erythrocytes and circulates tightly bound to albumin before being extracted by hepatocytes and conjugated with...
Biluribin is a degradation product of haemoglobin that reaches the liver in its unconjugated form tightly bound to albumin and so is not excreted into urine. In the liver, it is taken up by active transport and conjugated within the hepatocytes to form bilirubin monoglucuronides and diglucuronides. These are water soluble, are excreted into bile and are further metabolized by gut bacteria into urobilinogen...
There is now a wide range of investigative modalities that contribute to the understanding of liver structure and function. In the clinical context, it is crucial that the choice of tests is focused to answer a clinical problem – investigations should not be applied in a ‘blunderbuss’ manner. They can be divided into: • tests that indicate some form of liver dysfunction but are generally nonspecific...
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