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Recent estimates suggest Bipolar disorder (BD) affects approximately 1% of the population, with diagnosis often made during late adolescence and early adulthood, and that it is lower in the elderly (up to 0.1%). The initial onset of BD generally presents with depressive episode, but an initial maniac episode is not uncommon, although it becomes less likely with increasing age. In spite of the fact...
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is the paradigm of chronic systemic diseases. It has a strong impact regarding patient’s quality of life and the ability to work, which carries high direct and indirect costs. Intervention strategies promoting appropriate coping seem to have an important positive effect on quality of life. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common.To review the literature on psychosocial...