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Foodborne outbreaks attributed to marine biotoxins were first reported in Portugal in 1946. A regular monitoring programme was implemented in 1986 for PSP, in 1987 for DSP and in 1996 for ASP. The gradual introduction of HPLC methodologies for DSP and PSP allowed a better understanding of toxin biotransformation by bivalves, supplying more selective and sensitive data than mouse bioassays. A comprehensive...
Pectenotoxin-2 seco acid (PTX2sa) and 7-epi-pectenotoxin-2 seco acid (7-epi-PTX2sa) were found in Portuguese shellfish both by fluorescence detection after ADAM derivatisation and, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detection. Two time-series both with blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and common cockle (Cerastoderma edule) from Aveiro lagoon illustrate how PTX2sa has a strong association...
A new outbreak of human diarrhoeic poisonings (DSP) with esters of okadaic acid (OA) was confirmed after ingestion of razor clams (Solen marginatus) harvested at Aveiro lagoon (NW Portugal) in the summer of 2001. Accumulation of marine toxins in second order consumers was investigated in the edible parts of a shellfish predator abundant at Aveiro lagoon, the green crab Carcinus maenas. Okadaic acid...
Acanthocardia tuberculatum is a bivalve mollusc that presents recurrent problems of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) contamination in the Mediterranean coasts of Spain and Morocco. Although not commercially exploited from the Portuguese south coast, it represents an alternative for reducing the harvest pressure on species presently exploited. Evaluation of accumulation of marine biotoxins was carried...
Okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2) were confirmed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection both in extracts of digestive glands and edible parts of Portuguese shellfish. No dinophysistoxin-1 was found even in highly contaminated samples examined. However, only in blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) were these two parent toxins commonly found in a free form. Usually they were...
Automated pre-column oxidation (the method of Lawrence) was implemented on a routine basis since the end of 1996 to study paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins in Portuguese shellfish. Liquid chromatography confirmed the presence of PSP toxins when the known toxic algae were present: Gymnodinium catenatum and/or Alexandrium cf. lusitanicum. On the other side, it has eliminated PSP toxins as a...
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