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Eight chicken cytokine genes (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-8, IL-15, IFN-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β4, lymphotactin) were evaluated for their adjuvant effect on a suboptimal dose of an Eimeria DNA vaccine carrying the 3-1E parasite gene (pcDNA3-1E). Chickens were given two subcutaneous injections with 50μg of the pcDNA3-1E vaccine plus a cytokine expression plasmid 2 weeks apart and challenged with Eimeria acervulina 1 week...
In the present study we assessed the capacity of recombinant E. coli- or plasmid-expressed chicken interferons (IFN) and chicken IL-1β, to exert immunostimulatory activities for humoral immune responses, in day-old and adult chickens. We observed that both recombinant E. coli-expressed chicken IFN-α/β and IFN-γ facilitated the induction of a primary and also a secondary antibody response, using tetanus...
Upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) the chicken macrophage cell line HD-11 secretes factors with cytokine activity. To characterize these molecules, representational difference analysis with RNA of LPS-induced and uninduced HD-11 cells was performed. Two cDNA clones were isolated that code for polypeptides with structural features of chemokines. cDNA K60 codes for a novel CXC chemokine...
Growth of tumors induced by Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) is controlled by alleles at the major histocompatibility complex locus in chickens, indicating that immunological host defense mechanisms play a major role. We show here that the resistance phenotype of CB regressor chickens can be partially reverted by treating the animals with a monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the major serotype of chicken...
To counteract the host immune response, poxviruses have evolved secreted factors that bind cytokines and thereby neutralize their biological activities. The vaccinia virus B8R gene encodes a protein that neutralizes interferon-γ (IFN-γ) from several mammals including man, cow, rat, and rabbit but not mice. We now report that the activity of the B8R gene product is not restricted to cytokines of mammals:...
MxA is a GTPase encoded by an interferon-inducible human gene. Its constitutive expression renders transfected mammaliancells resistant to infections with several different RNA viruses, including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Differences in viral RNA levels of VSV-infected cells either expressing or lacking MxA indicated that VSV mRNA synthesis is the principal target of MxA action. We now used...
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