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In Japan, only a few cases of Japanese encephalitis presently occur annually, raising arguments about the necessity of vaccination. Here, using a novel immunoassay, we obtained natural infection rates for 2001 of 0.2–3.4% in eight selected prefectures across Japan. Our results provide direct evidence of the risk of reemergence.
Recent reductions in numbers of human and equine Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases in Japan have seen calls to end JE vaccination. Here, we analyzed yearly variations of natural JE virus activity, using sera collected serially in 1998–2003 from racehorses residing in Ibaraki and Shiga prefectures, both located in central Japan. A total of 208 sera from 24 individuals in Ibaraki and 259 from 27 in Shiga...
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) causes fatal diseases in equines as well as humans. In Japan, racehorses are vaccinated with inactivated JE vaccine every year and no equine JE cases have been reported since 1986. However, the current reduction in JEV activity in nature has raised an argument against the requirement of continuous vaccination. Here, we studied natural infection rates in racehorses...
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