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The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) plays a key role in the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) in response to stressors. Wistar rats were subjected to restraint lasting 10 min and repeated twice daily for 3 days. Brain slices were prepared 24 h after the last restraint session and studied ex vivo. Whole-cell patch-clamp method was used to record spontaneous excitatory...
Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) level is modulated during multiple stress reactions in both brain structures involved in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulation and peripheral systems. Multiple distinct stressors induce different IL-1ß and HPA axis responses. The purpose of the present study was to determine if the effect of prior repeated restraint stress on IL-1ß levels in prefrontal cortex,...
Chronic stress and resulting from it, prolonged hyperactivation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and elevated level of glucocorticoids in the circulatory system, have been linked to the pathophysiology of depressive disorders. Dysregulation of the HPA axix is characteristic for individuals with depression. The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is a major regulator of...
Interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) is crucial mediator of adaptative stress response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The potential relationship between stress and brain IL-1ß has not been elucidated. Central and systemic administration of IL-1ß enhanced HPA axis activity. We examined the role of IL-1ß in ACTH and corticosterone (CORT) secretion and parallel alterations of IL-1ß in plasma and...
The significance and site of adrenergic receptors involved in the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activity was assessed indirectly by estimation of serum corticosterone levels 1 h after drug administration to conscious rats. Adrenergic drugs were given intracerebroventricularly (icv) and intraperito neally (ip), the antagonists 15 min prior to the agonists. Noradrenaline,...
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