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The paper introduces lightning protection for electric vehicle charging infrastructure. It analyzes causes of lightning damage and introduces overall protection solution for electric vehicle charging infrastructure, including protection against direct lightning, earthing system, equipotential bonding, shielding, routing and installation of SPDs.
Rogowski coil has been applied widely in the field of lightning current measurement, because it has good linearity, no saturation phenomenon, as well as the electrical isolation between the primary side and secondary side. This paper mainly introduces three kinds of Rogowski coil applied in lightning current collection, and also analyzes and compares them with experiment. We can select the appropriate...
Wireless sensor networks are currently widely used in various monitoring and control applications. Most of the deployed wireless sensor networks are now based on 2.4GHz radio, which have the advantage of having higher data rate due to availability of wider channels. This advantage, however, comes at the cost of short range communication and having a crowded band. 433MHz radio communication is an alternative...
The introduction of additional test for SPD's failure mode simulation in SPD type of pilot projects transient overvoltage test in IEC61643.11. The standard stipulates that the SPD shall be with internal and external breakers can't be disconnected when we perform the impact of the lightning current experiment. And when we perform transient overvoltage test, SPD requires internal and external actions...
With the increase of both unit capacity of wind turbines and size of wind farm, the safe operation of wind farm has received growing attention. In many factors that affect the safe operation of wind farms, being struck by lightning is an important aspect. The intelligent lightning monitoring system is used for smart surveillance of wind turbine generators, which can have real-time and accurate monitoring...
Power line protection plays an important role in protection for the normal operation of power system, but the protection must be proper to distinguish between the types of power line failure. In order to distinguish lightning faults and non-lightning failures, a simulation analysis is carried out to the case of the neutral point grounding through arc suppression coil. The wavelet analysis is made...
This paper presents results of simulation study on response of reverse flow reactor (RFR) to periodic time-varying inlet concentration. Catalytic oxidation of methane is chosen as model reaction. The interaction between feeding cycle period and flow-reversal cycle period leads to reactor instability, which changing symmetric reactor temperature distribution to asymmetric. The flow reversal cycle time...
For the characteristics of filter material and structure the dual-layer granular bed filter itself possesses, it can solve the two main problems of pulverization of sorbent and non-uniform contact between solid and gas other reactors may have. To investigate the desulphurization properties of sorbent on the dual-layer granular bed filter, this paper made kinds of experiments to analyze factors affecting...
A 3-D numerical simulation on the combustion of a Claus sulfur recovery combustor was carried out on the basis of commercial CFD software FLUENT. The Eddy Dissipation Concept model was employed for calculating the chemical reaction rate. The turbulent flow was simulated by using the RNG k-e model combined with the standard wall-function method. The second-order upwind difference scheme and the pressure-based...
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) has been the crucially problematic parameters in refinery wastewater treatment. This study was conducted to investigate COD removal in refinery wastewater with Fenton process. The effects of pH value, H2O2 dosage, the mole ratio of Fe2+ to H2O2, oxidation time and oxidation temperature on COD removal were discussed. The results showed that COD removal efficiency first...
Modern market requires smaller products with more functionalities which are driven by high speed Package Circuit Boards (PCBs) and Integrated Circuit (IC) packages. Thermal control of PCBs and IC packages is challenging in microelectronics because the power density increases when smaller and more complicated packages are designed. Temperature rise due to power dissipation, hotspot worsens harmful...
As modern high speed Package Circuit Boards (PCBs) and Integrated Circuit (IC) packages become more and more complicated, the electromagnetic simulation inside the PCBs and IC packages becomes more and more difficult. The most challenge work is that complicated multiple layer shapes inside PCBs and IC packages need very huge amount of high quality meshes for electromagnetic simulation, which lead...
The power filter plays an important role in the power transfer, but the capacity of typical filter to discharge the surge is very low, especially to the lightning surge. In this paper, an improved filter to the power is presented. With 2-stage SPD and the filtering inductance as decoupling component, the filter has dual function of high capacity for surge and filtering for disturbing. By the simulation...
This paper analyzes the formation of ball lightning, and presents the plasma vortex model. The process that the plasma vortex is formed is analyzed from the instability of the plasma. Through the model, the features that are hard to understand in the past can be well understood. The reasons for bead lightning is also presented in this paper.
The paper introduces a new lightning protection system of vehicles running at a high speed. The lightning rod for direct lightning protection can reduce lightning interception probability to a level as low as possible so as to minimize damage of vehicles by direct lightning stroke. SPDs are provided for protection of corresponding power supply, signal, and antenna feed ports of equipments and systems...
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