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This paper presents the mathematical model of a variable frequency variable voltage sinusoidal pulse width modulated (SPWM) signal and implementation of the same on microcontroller based embedded system. The mathematical model is based on the step function. The implementation of the mathematical model on P89LPC9221 microcontroller based embedded system is described. The analysis is validated by simulation...
Tuning knobs are becoming common in analog and RF devices for postsilicon calibration for variation tolerance and compensation. This article presents a low-cost, hardware-iterative technique based on a steepest-descent-based gradient search algorithm and demonstrates its utility in performance tuning of a 2.4-GHz transmitter system.
In this paper, a fast RF BIST-driven post-manufacture tuning methodology for yield improvement of RF transceiver systems is presented. The core algorithms optimize multiple transceiver performance metrics concurrently using a hardware-iterated gradient search algorithm that uses diagnostic BIST data to guide the tuning of circuit and software level parameters. Intelligent ??initial guess?? values...
We modify the macroscopic equations proposed by Valet and Fert for current perpendicular to the plane of a magnetic bilayer. Considering different spin bands for the spin-up and spin-down electrons, we calculate the charge accumulation near the interface along with the spin accumulation. This gives rise to a voltage drop at the interface, and causes the resistance to depend on the relative degree...
Disturbance observer proposed in this paper estimates the equivalent input disturbance and modifies control law to reject it. A reduced order observer is used to estimate disturbance from the input-output measurement when subject to large disturbance. Convergence of disturbance estimator is decided by the observer gain, which is selected through sufficient condition for stability. Simulation studies...
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