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Die Stahlbauweise durchlief in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jh. eine dynamische Entwicklung. Als erste der modernen Bauweisen musste sie auf vielen Gebieten wesentliche Grundlagen schaffen. Die vielfältigen Einsatzgebiete, wie Skelettbauten, unterschiedlichste Hallen‐ und Brückenkonstruktionen, Kuppeln, Maste, riesige Behälter u. v. m., verlangten nach sicheren, zuverlässigen und ökonomischen Lösungen...
Eisen und Stahl avancierten im Zuge der industriellen Revolution zum dominanten Baumaterial. Zugleich wurde klar, dass die Architektur, welche lange das historische Formenvokabular einübte und repetierte, sich nun des neuen Materials als Ausdrucksträger der Moderne bemächtigte, zu sehen in besonderer Weise am Werk von Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Mit Konrad Wachsmann, Richard Buckminster Fuller und anderen...
Bauhaus, Moderne und die Leistung der Ingenieure
Das Eisen, der Stahl sind der dominante Werkstoff der industriellen Revolution und die entscheidenden Insignien der Moderne. Manche Autoren lassen die Moderne in dem Moment beginnen, an dem die industrielle Revolution und mit ihr die Technikwelt der Ingenieurbauten auf den Plan tritt – ein markantes Datum stellt die Gründung der ersten Ingenieurschule...
5G networks are supposed to offer a high flexibility in a several ways. In this regard, a twofold split of the processing in the radio access network is under discussion: A control plane / user plane split to support the software defined networking principle and a radio protocol stack layer based split to allow a flexible placement of processing functions between a central and distributed units. In...
One of the objectives of METIS-II project is to facilitate discussion on scenarios, use cases, KPIs and requirements for 5G, building upon the comprehensive work conducted in the METIS-I project and taking the work of other European projects as well as other bodies such as ITU-R, NGMN, etc. into account. This paper analyses the landscape of 5G use cases and presents METIS-II 5G use cases that cover...
Network slicing addresses the deployment of multiple logical networks as independent business operations on a common physical infrastructure. The concept has initially been proposed for the 5th Generation (5G) core network (CN) however, it has not been investigated yet what network slicing would represent to the design of the 5G radio access network (RAN). The paper explains how network slicing may...
An explosive growth in the demand for higher data rates and capacity along with diverse requirements set by massive and ultra-reliable machine-type communications are the main drivers behind the development on new access technologies as part of the fifth generation (5G) networks. Currently, different air interface (AIF) and/or AIF variants, optimized based on the frequency band of operation and use...
During the last two years, the METIS project ("Mobile and wireless communications Enablers for the Twenty-twenty Information Society") has been conducting research on 5G-enabling technology components. This paper provides a summary of METIS work on 5G architectures. The architecture description is presented from different viewpoints. First, a functional architecture is presented that may...
The Mobile and wireless communications Enablers for the Twenty-twenty Information Society (METIS) project is laying the foundations of Fifth Generation (5G) mobile and wireless communication system putting together the point of view of vendors, operators, vertical players, and academia. METIS envisions a 5G system concept that efficiently integrates new applications developed in the METIS horizontal...
The METIS project is laying the foundation of 5G mobile and wireless communication systems putting together the point of view of vendors, operators, third party players and academia. In particular, METIS is developing and evaluating the key technology components of 5G systems. In this framework, a new mobile and wireless network architecture is required to accommodate those technical enablers and...
Almost a decade long research on the performance of TCP in wireless networks has resulted in many proposals and solutions to the problem of TCP throughput degradation. Several of these measures, however, have their share of drawbacks. With the continuing emergence of wireless technologies ever since the work on TCP performance over wireless began, smart link-layer mechanisms like adaptive modulation...
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