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The steppe zone occupies large area in the South of the European Russia. Part of the Caspian Lowland belongs to the desert zone. Some researchers distinguish the semidesert zone along with the steppe and desert zones. The paradox is that there is no semidesert type of vegetation, there are no typical elements for the semidesert, but the semidesert is considered as a separate zone.
The steppe and forest–steppe communities of Khentii aimag are classified into ten formations and formation groups. The state of steppe rangeland ecosystems has significantly declined in recent years due to a rapid increase in livestock. The pronounced changes have occurred south of the Kherlen (Kerulen) River, where grazing pressure currently exceeds their carrying capacity.
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