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High‐energy emission photons in the X‐ray and EUV bands ionize H and other atoms, posing a threat to the stability of the atmospheres of short‐period exoplanets orbiting late‐type stars. Effects such as planet atmospheric evaporation are being attributed in the last years to XUV stellar irradiation on the planets. Early theoretical works tried to model how the XUV emission would affect the planetary...
The metastable lower level of the He I 10830 line in active cool stars is believed to be populated by recombination following photoionization of neutral Helium present in the upper chromosphere. This transition is a powerful diagnostic of atmospheric dynamics of cool stars [1,4]. The EUV flux radiated in the corona (the ionization edge of He I is at 24.58 eV, or 504.27 Å) is responsible for...
It is shown that the evolution of planetary atmospheres can only be understood if one recognizes the fact that the radiation and particle environment of the Sun or a planet’s host star were not always on the same level as at present. New insights and the latest observations and research regarding the evolution of the solar radiation, plasma environment and solar/stellar magnetic field derived from...
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