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C2-ceramide, a cell permeable analogue of ceramide [CER] markedly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential [MMP] in insulin-secreting INS cells, which was followed by a significant accumulation of cytochrome c [Cyt c] into the cytosolic compartment. In a manner akin to CER, exposure of these cells to interleukin-1β [IL-1β] also resulted in reduction in MMP and cytosolic accumulation of Cyt c. Further,...
Our recent data implicated small molecular weight G-proteins (e.g., H-Ras) in interleukin 1β (IL 1β)-induced metabolic dysfunction and apoptotic demise of the islet β cell (Tannous et al., Biochem Pharmacol 2001; 62:1459–1468, Kowluru and Morgan, Biochem Pharmacol, 2002; 63:1027–1035, Chen et al. Biochem Pharmacol, 2003; 66:1681–1694). Recently, we have shown that mastoparan, a tetradecapeptide from...
Aims/hypothesis: It is well established that long-term exposure of isolated β cells to cytokines [e.g., IL-1β] results in increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and subsequent release of nitric oxide, which in turn, has been shown to mediate a wide array of effects, including alterations in cellular high-energy metabolism. In this context, several extant studies have demonstrated...
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