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Female rats were fed a diet containing by weight 10% partially hydrogenated sunflower oil, 2% sunflower oil, and 1% rapeseed oil during gestation and lactation. The trans-18∶1 isomer profile of the fat supplement was (in % of total trans 18∶1 acids in the fat supplement): Δ4, 0.5; Δ5, 1.0;Δ6–Δ8, 18∶0; Δ9 (elaidic), 13.5; Δ10, 22.2;Δ11 (vaccenic), 16.0; Δ12, 11.3; Δ13–Δ14, 12.8; Δ15, 2.5; and Δ16,...
Dibutyrate derivatives of monoacylglycerols of oleic, petroselinic, and cis-vaccenic acids were prepared by diesterification of monoacylglycerols with n-butyryl chloride. The resulting triacylglycerols were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) with a 65% phenyl methyl silicone capillary column and separated on the basis of both fatty acid composition and regiospecific position. The petroselinic acid...
In the present study, we investigated the alkenyl chains from sheep heart plasmalogens (1-O-alk-1′-enyl-2-acyl glycerophospholipids) after their conversion into trimethylene dioxyalkanyl (TMDOA) derivatives. Particular attention was given to monounsaturated alkenyl chains (C18 mainly). For this purpose, a combination of silver ion TLC and GLC on highly polar, very long capillary columns was applied...
The seed fatty acid (FA) compositions of Abietoids (Abies, Cedrus, Hesperopeuce, Keteleeria, Pseudolarix, and Tsuga) are reviewed in the present study in conclusion to our survey of Pinaceae seed FA compositions. Many unpublished data are given. Abietoids and Pinoids (Pinus, Larix, Ficea, and Pseudotsuga)—constituting the family Pinaceae—are united by the presence of several Δ5-olefinic acids, taxoleic...
Minor uncommon FA from Hesperopeuce mertensiana (a gymnosperm species of the Pinaceae family) seed oil were characterized through a combination of silver ion TLC of their FAME, and GLC coupled with MS of their picolinyl derivatives. These uncommon components have the structures 16-methyloctadecanoic (anteiso-19∶0), 16-methyl-cis-9-octadecenoic (anteiso-19∶1), and 16-methyl-cis-9,cis-12-octadecadienoic...
GC analysis was performed to determine regiospecific distribution and FA composition in seed oils of the Aceraceae species, Acer saccharum and A. saccharinum. The oil content in the seeds was low at 5.0% in A. saccharum and 5.8% in A. saccharinum, and the main FA were linoleic (30.8 and 29.4%), oleic (21.3 and 27.6%), palmitic (10.1 and 10.5%), and cis-vaccenic (9.4 and 7.9%) acids, respectively....
The distribution profiles of individual trans- as well as cis-18∶1 isomers from the fat prepared from the hump adipose tissue and the milk from Camelus dromedarius (the single-humped Arabian species) are described. Gas-liquid chromatography on two capillary columns with different polarities and lengths were used for this purpose in combination with argentation thin-layer chromatography. A comparison...
Dibutyroyl derivatives of monoacylglycerols (DBMAG) from conifer seed oil triacylglycerols (TAG) were prepared by partial deacylation of TAG with ethylmagnesium bromide followed by diesterification with n-butyryl chloride. The resulting mixtures were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography (GCL) with 65% phenylmethyl silicon open tubular fused-silica capillary column operated under optimal conditions...
Following our previous review on Pinus spp. seed fatty acid (FA) compositions, we recapitulate here the seed FA compositions of Larix (larch), Picea (spruce), and Pseudotsuga (Douglas fir) spp. Numerous seed FA compositions not described earlier are included. Approximately 40% of all Picea taxa and one-third of Larix taxa have been analyzed so far for their seed FA compositions. Qualitatively, the...
The trans- as well as the cis-18∶1 isomer profiles were established in cow, goat, and ewe cheese fats, with the assumption that these are representative of the corresponding milks. Argentation thin-layer chromatography was combined with low-temperature high-resolution gas-liquid chromatography on 100-m highly polar capillary columns, thus adding precision to earlier data for these species. Despite...
A previously undescribed fatty acid, all-cis 7, 11–20∶2 (dihomotaxoleic acid, DHT), has been characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as being present (approximately 0.1%) in seed oils of two Taxaceae containing high levels (11–16%) of taxoleic acid (all-cis 5,9–18∶2). This compound was absent from oils of 10 other conifer genera, as well as from one member of Taxaceae containing very...
A survey of the total content of trans-18∶1 acids and their detailed profile in French food lipids was conducted in 1995–1996, and 1999. For this purpose, 37 food items were chosen from their label indicating the presence of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO) in their ingredients. The content as well as the detailed profile of these isomers was established by a combination of argentation...
The Δ5-unsaturated polymethylene-interrupted fatty acid (Δ5-UPIFA) contents and profiles of gymnosperm seeds are useful chemometric data for the taxonomy and phylogeny of that division, and these acids may also have some biomedical or nutritional applications. We recapitulate here all data available on pine (Pinus; the largest genus in the family Pinaceae) seed fatty acid (SFA) compositions, including...
Low-temperature gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) was applied to study the distribution profiles of isomeric trans-and cis-hexadecenoic acids in ruminant (cow, goat, and ewe) milk fat after their fractionation by argentation thin-layer chromatography (Ag-TLC). The fat was extracted from cheeses (12 samples of each species), the most common foods made with goat and ewe milks. The predominant trans-16∶1...
The fatty acid composition of the seeds from Agathis robusta, an Australian gymnosperm (Araucariaceae), was determined by a combination of chromatographic and spectrometric techniques. These enabled the identification of small amounts of arachidonic (5,8,11,14–20∶4) and eicosapentaenoic (5,8,11,14,17–20∶5) acid for the first time in the seed oil of a higher plant. They were apparently derived from...
The fatty acid compositions of the seed lipids from four Ephedra species, E. nevadensis, E. viridis, E. przewalskii, and E. gerardiana (four gymnosperm species belonging to the Cycadophytes), have been established with an emphasis on Δ5-unsaturated polymethylene-interrupted fatty acids (Δ5-UPIFA). Mass spectrometry of the picolinyl ester derivatives allowed characterization of 5,9- and 5,11–18∶2;...
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