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W artykule dokonano zwięzłego przeglądu podatków wydobywczych występujących w systemach fiskalnych wybranych państw świata. W pierwszej kolejności wskazano definicję pojęcia „renty surowcowej” oraz przedstawiono systemy nadające kształt współpracy pomiędzy państwami władającymi złożami kopalin oraz przedsiębiorcami dokonującymi ich wydobycia (tj. system koncesyjny i kontraktowy). W dalszej kolejności...
We demonstrate the generation of 98 fs soliton pulses in all-polarization maintaining fiber laser mode-locked by graphene saturable absorber. The experimental results are supported by detailed numerical simulations. We confirmed soliton-like pulse shaping in the cavity with strong dispersion-management. The developed computer model was used to study the intra-cavity pulse dynamics. These are the shortest...
In this study we report on the effective p-doping of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene transferred from copper foil onto SiO2/Si and PET substrates. Tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4) is used to promote graphene doping with a direct correlation between its concentration and modification of graphene's electrical properties. The doping mechanism entails the charge transfer (CT) between AuIII ions...
This text focuses on aspects of the integration of immigrants from the perspective of intercultural workers. The qualitative research explored how intercultural workers in the Czech Republic perceive and understand integration, with special emphasis on their interpretation of what makes a successfully integrated immigrant. Our conclusions indicate the predominance of a dualistic view of integration...
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