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In this paper, we give an overview and an update on the recent progress of our research group in numerical model of Maxwell equations in three dimensions (NMM3D) on random rough surfaces and discrete random media and their applications in active and passive microwave remote sensing. The random rough surface models were applied to soil surfaces and ocean surfaces. The discrete random media models were...
We applied the Numerical Maxwell Model in 3 Dimensions (NMM3D) to radar scattering from ocean surfaces at L band. The formulation is based on the PMCHWT surface integral equation which uses separate Green's functions for air and ocean permittivities. The Sparse Matrix Canonical Grid (SMCG) is used to compute Method of Moments (MoM) solutions in conjunction with Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) basis functions...
We have been engaged in Numerical Solutions of Maxwell equations (NMM3D) for more than fifteen years [1-2]. In this paper, we report on the recent progress of NMM3D on random rough surfaces and discrete random media and their applications in active and passive microwave remote sensing. The random rough surface models were applied to soil surfaces and ocean surfaces. The discrete random media models...
In this paper, we study backscattering from the ocean using 3D numerical simulation of Maxwell's equation (NMM3D). Previously we used NMM3D to compute backscattering and emissivity of rough soil surfaces for active and passive microwave remote sensing of soil moisture [1, 2] at L, C, X and Ku bands. The computed results were in excellent agreement with measurement data for co- and cross-polarizations...
We study the accuracies of numerical simulations of scattering by random rough surfaces in 2D based on the Nystrom method. The method is shown to be accurate for a large range of permittivities as well as for large roughness and fine scale roughness. We compared Nystrom method with impedance boundary conditions (IBC) method using both parameters of soil surfaces and ocean surfaces. In some cases,...
In vegetated surface scattering, the physical values of optical thickness and scattering albedo both increase with frequency. At C-band, because of the attenuation due to large optical thickness, the distorted Born approximation gives negligible values for the surface scattering term and double bounce term. Because of the smallness of these two terms, the distorted Born approximation gives results...
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