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The detection of mathematical expressions is a prerequisite step for the digitisation of scientific documents. Many different multistage approaches have been proposed for the detection of expressions in document images, that is, page segmentation and expression detection. However, the detection accuracy of such methods still needs improvement owing to errors in the page segmentation of complex documents...
Extracting and recognizing mathematical expressions of scientific documents are key steps in the process of mathematical retrieval system, where the documents contain different components such as text, tables, figures, and mathematical expressions. There are several methods proposed to handle the components of documents. Those methods have investigated the feature of components based on the segmented...
Safety and congestion are two factors which have driven developed countries to adopt Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Such systems cannot be successfully applied to South East Asian countries like Vietnam due to the extremely complicated traffic patterns and lack of infrastructure. Firstly, motorcycles rather than passenger vehicles are by far the dominant vehicles for South East Asian countries...
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