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Packet forwarding plays an important role in inter-vehicle communications. A predicted forwarding is a promising solution to address high mobility issues in a Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) as it increases the ratio of packet transmissions. The predicted forwarding scheme proposed, termed Vehicular-to-vehicular Urban Network (V2VUNet), is based on an angle measurement between a sender and a receiver...
Packet forwarding decisions in communications among vehicles are important due to their high mobility. Further, road topologies are expected to contribute to more occurrences of out-of-range transmissions, which lead to frequent disconnections. The current method to overcome such complex road environments (i.e., in a three-dimensional scenario) is through the introduction of relative angles as a weighting...
Reliability and stability for connectivity are the important factors to enhance inter-vehicular communication. In order to achieve such factors, challenges especially in a large city environment due to signal attenuation and a typically poor transmission coverage issues are investigated. Both issues are caused by the existence of obstacles (i.e., overpass constructions and buildings) and road level...
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) communications are mobile communication alternatives allowing vehicles to exchange information among them with a suitable forwarding scheme. The forwarding scheme is a mechanism to select proper candidate nodes as the intermediate node. Current angle-based forwarding schemes take into account a Horizontal Relative Angle (HRA) and propose Vertical Relative Angle (VRA)...
The location information for a forwarding scheme for Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) communications serves several purposes based on specific network characteristics. The concept of the angle-based forwarding scheme takes into account the relative-angle calculation to support an optimal forwarding decision. This survey summarizes angle-based forwarding schemes in VANET by reviewing their characteristics,...
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