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Vibration sensor is becoming an essential part of Internet of Things (IoT), fueled by the quickly evolving technology improving the measurement accuracy and lowering the hardware cost. Vibration sensors physically attach to core equipments in control and manufacturing systems, e.g., motors and tubes, providing key insight into the running status of these devices. Massive readings from vibration sensors,...
This paper presents two lifetime models that describe two of the most common modes of operation of sensor nodes today, trigger-driven and duty-cycle driven. The models use a set of hardware parameters such as power consumption per task, state transition overheads, and communication cost to compute a node’s average lifetime for a given event arrival rate. Through comparison of the two models...
Real-time usage of individual electrical appliances is a key enabler of important advanced services for smart grids. With wide deployments of smart meters, there is a growing interest in using Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) to acquire this information from the meter measurements. However, electrical signatures extracted from utility-side smart meters are often unreliable for NILM due to their...
Fine-grained real-time metering is a fundamental service of wireless energy auditing networks, where metering data is transmitted from embedded power meters to gateways for centralized processing, storage, and forwarding. Due to limited meter capability and wireless bandwidth, the increasing sampling rates and network scales needed to support new energy auditing applications pose significant challenges...
Before a building can participate in a demand response program, its facility managers must characterize the site's ability to reduce load. Today, this is often done through manual audit processes and prototypical control strategies. In this paper, we propose a new approach to estimate a building's demand response capacity using detailed data from various sensors installed in a building. We derive...
Given the ongoing widespread deployment of low frequency electricity sub-metering devices at residential and commercial buildings, fine-grained usage information of end-loads can bring a new powerful sensing modality in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Motivated by the opportunity, this paper describes an algorithm of estimating the ON/OFF sequences for typical household end-loads in close-to-real-time...
This work describes a new approach for localizing people by cooperative sensor fusion of lightweight camera and wearable accelerometer measurements. We present the algorithm to identify people moving around as they are detected by cameras deployed in the infrastructure. The algorithm uses a correlation metric to develop an ID matching algorithm that can associate people in the scene to their global...
We present an activity-recognition system for assisted living applications and smart homes. While existing systems tend to rely on expensive computation of comparatively largedimension data sets, ours leverages information from a small number of fundamentally different sensor measurements that provide context information pertaining the person's location, and action information by observing the motion...
The ability to localize and identify multiple people is paramount to the inference of high-level activities for informed decision-making. In this paper, we describe the PEM-ID system, which uniquely identifies people tagged with accelerometer nodes in the video output of preinstalled infrastructure cameras. For this, we introduce a new distance measure between signals comprised of timestamps of gait...
This paper constructs a model for studying the energy efficiency of sensor node architectures featuring a pair of low-end, low-power processor and radio and a pair of high-end, energy efficient processor and radio. Such nodes can have a highly dynamic range of operation ranging from the collection of simple temperature measurements or motion detection all the way up to sophisticated signal processing...
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