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Duck typing provides a way to reuse code and allow a developer to write more extensible code. At the same time, it scatters the implementation of a functionality over multiple classes and causes difficulties in program comprehension. The extent to which duck typing is used in real programs is not very well understood. We report on a preliminary study of the prevalence of duck typing in more than a...
The lack of static type information is one of the main obstacles to program comprehension in dynamically-typed languages. While static type inference algorithms try to remedy this problem, they usually suffer from the problem of false positives or false negatives. In order to partially compensate for the lack of static type information, a common practice in dynamically-typed languages is to name or...
Subtype polymorphism is a cornerstone of object-oriented programming. By hiding variability in behavior behind a uniform interface, polymorphism decouples clients from providers and thus enables genericity, modularity and extensibility. At the same time, however, it scatters the implementation of the behavior over multiple classes thus potentially hampering program comprehension. The extent to which...
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