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The Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is a modern instrument that measures magnitude, phase angle, frequency and rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) from voltage and current signals in electric networks. It is designed to be used in the monitoring and control of electric transmission systems. For each measurement, the PMU assigns a timestamp from an accurate time source; in this way, it is possible to...
The present paper presents a Cyber Physical Power System (CPPS) framework based on the Service-Oriented Architecture for proactive transmission grids control, modeling and monitoring. CPPS paradigm aims at integrating and coordinating computation, networking, and physical processes according to a holistic vision of the transmission system. The key feature of the proposed framework is the ability of...
The sudden development of distributed generation from renewable energy sources, mainly windfarms, can cause congestions on the existing transmission grids. Due to the difficult authorization procedure for the construction of HV overhead lines, or even for the refurbishment of the existing ones, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) can be an useful solution to local congestions. NaS batteries are...
The paper deals with the issue of achieving a dynamic equivalent for large scale power systems with particular reference to the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) Continental Synchronous European Area (CESA). In this paper some essential aspects of the dynamic reduction process are deepened while others are faced according some practical considerations, in...
A loadability policy established on the basis of the Overhead Transmission Lines (OHLs) static thermal rating is referred to the worst-case conditions (i.e. zero wind speed). Whilst it reduces the potential misoperations, at the same time it implies an underuse of the electrical infrastructures. The transition towards smart grids architectures calls for a reliable exploitation of these assets in order...
HVDC technology is a key driver for the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) in large transmission systems. However, the displacement of conventional thermoelectric power plants due to RES development can hinder safe operation of LCC-HVDC converters, especially during inverter operation, mainly due to the reduction of short circuit power on the ac network. These issues are exacerbated in...
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