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This paper presents a comparative analysis of Multi-Coil Inductive Power Transfer (MCIPT) systems. A multi-coil magnetic system can be decomposed into a single system of coils using matrix manipulation when the system is linear. A comparitive analytical study of air-cored coils to estimate the magnetic parameters — L, M, k of several coil shapes — circular, rectangular, square, segmented circular...
This paper deals with a green energy highway in the Netherlands. Here, the development of electric mobility and self- driving cars is introduced. The ideas of wireless power integration with green energy technologies - solar and wind is considered. In case of wind energy, conventional turbines and bladeless vortex are considered as options. Solaroads along the emergency lanes are also investigated...
The paper analyses the economic and environmental benefits of charging electric vehicles (EV) at workplaces in the Netherlands using photovoltaic panels (PV). A 10kW EV-PV charging system is used to charge the electric cars directly from photovoltaic panels. The cost of using a gasoline vehicle is compared with that of an electric vehicle that is charged from the grid or from solar panels. It is found...
Inductive power transfer (IPT) systems for on-road dynamic charging of electric vehicles (EVs) must employ tracks with minimal copper and ferrite core material for improving coupling and field shaping without sacrificing on power transfer efficiency across the air gap. This paper details the multi-objective optimisation of IPT coil systems with respect to efficiency of power transfer (η), material...
An analytical estimation of driving range of electric vehicles (EVs) with contactless on-road charging system is presented in this paper. Inductive power transfer (IPT) systems with different configurations (static, dynamic), power levels and road coverage have different (and non-linear) impact on the driving range. A generic methodology has been developed to estimate the driving range of any EV by...
In this paper, Neumann's integral is evaluated for computing self-inductance using a multi-turn sectional matrix method. Analytical equations are derived considering the increase in dimensions of the coil due to an impinging air-gap between the turns. The resulting sectional self-inductance matrix is computed and the concepts of sectional partial self-inductance and sectional partial mutual inductance...
This paper presents a review of important analytical tools to obtain magnetic parameters of loosely coupled magnetic circuits. Circuit theory - Electric and Magnetic, present a simple picture to engineers to formulate and solve magnetic circuit problems. The traditional reluctance based magnetic circuit models have a number of limitations that need to be addressed to solve the magnetic problem. This...
Economic viability of on-road charging strongly depends on the choice of inductive power transfer (IPT) system configuration (static or dynamic charging), charging power level and the percentage road coverage of dynamic charging. In this paper, a case study is carried out to determine the expected investment costs involved in installing the on-road charging infrastructure. Economic implications of...
This paper aims to present a loss model and investigate the stability of a LCL-IPT system for EVs. For the experimental set-up and loss model, Silicon Carbide MOSFETs have been used as the converter switches. The zero-voltage-switch contour area of the converter over the entire operation range is presented and the optimum dc-link voltages for efficiency maximization are also shown. The stability of...
On-load tap changing (OLTC) transformers are widely used for voltage control in the distribution network. The paper provides a comparative analysis of different OLTC topologies for the design of a power electronic (assisted) tap changer. Eleven different topologies are compared on the basis of voltage and current rating of the transformer windings and tap switches, using a p.u. methodology. The topologies...
Distributed inductive power transfer (IPT) systems address the range restrictions of electric vehicles (EVs), charging the battery on-road through a loosely coupled transformer. Comparing different primary and secondary coil topologies is the main objective of this paper. Variations including single and multiphase layouts are analyzed by laboratory experimentation and finite element simulations. A...
This paper presents the theoretical analysis followed by experimental investigation of a bidirectional LCL-CPT system, where voltage-control is used for the regulation of the transferred power. The system uses an Air Core Transformer, which is a loosely coupled system, where SiC MOSFETs have been experimentally tested to push the frequency up to 110 kHz. The issues rising from the combination of the...
This paper looks into the problem of misalignment in distributed inductive power transfer systems. The idea of varying mutual inductance longitudinally referred to as longitudinal misalignment is introduced here. The analytical expressions for both lateral and longitudinal misalignment are derived. Experimental validation of the theory developed is also performed. In case of conventional rectangular...
A major problem concerning On Road Charging of Electric Vehicles via Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) links is the large variation in power transfer and efficiency due to displacement of the secondary from the primary. This paper looks into this problem referred to as misalignment, both laterally and longitudinally. For lateral misalignment, experimental results were obtained by considering horizontal...
Design of a contactless power transfer system with supercapacitor based primary energy storage for electric vehicle application is described in this paper. The contactless power transfer system which uses inductively coupled coils to transfer power over a large air gap has been developed. Compensation topologies and the operational frequency of power transfer system have been studied in order to obtain...
Virtual laboratories that animate scientific phenomena are becoming an increasingly popular method to teach students. Electrical engineering is considered difficult to understand as it demands a high level of imagination. This difficulty can be dealt with to a large extent by developing visual aids in the form of animations. Animations can help students to grasp the idea quickly and therefore can...
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