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A multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) TDD system in which the base station (BS) uses a large scale antenna array to communicate with single-antenna mobile users is considered. We present novel schemes to estimate both large-scale and small-scale fading coefficients by uplink pilot sequences. The large-scale fading coefficients (LSFCs) are usually ignored or assumed perfectly known and almost all MIMO channel...
An electrostatic phase plate can provide better phase contrast, a fact that plays a promising role for the high-resolution observation of specimens containing light elements. However, in order to quantify the “phase” contrast from images recorded using the phase plate, the “absorption” (or scattering) contrast arising from electrons scattered elastically and inelastically outside of the phase-plate...
This paper demonstrates the applicability of electron-spectroscopic imaging (ESI) for valence-state mapping of the iron oxide system. We have previously developed a set of signal-processing methods for an ESI series, to allow mapping of sp 2 /sp 3 ratio, dielectric function and energy bandgap. In this study, these methods are applied to generate a valence-state map of an iron oxide...
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