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Mechanism of current ripple propagation in a digital controlled LLC converter is investigated from three aspects: battery load, quantization error and double line frequency perturbation at input. With conventional Frequency Modulation (FM), every modulation step is accompanied by quantization error due to limited resolution of digital controllers. Large current ripple is propagated to output due to...
This paper proposes a hierarchical battery balancing architecture for the series connected lithium-ion batteries. The battery cells are grouped into different packs and the bottom layer is the Adjacent Cell-to-Cell structure consisting of the packs. The top layer is connected to different packs and can deliver the energy from one pack to any other pack bi-directionally, leading to high flexibility...
This paper analyzes the operation of PV modules in islanded paralleled PV applications under different solar irradiance condition in detail. When the batteries in the system are fully charged, the PV panels only need to generate power depending on the load and may not necessarily track the maximum power point (MPP), which exists extensively. In order to optimize the system efficiency in this situation,...
This paper proposes a novel high voltage-gain LLC micro-converter for PV applications. The converter has simple structure and minimum components with low cost. It can realize high voltage gain based on the voltage doubler rectifier with the optimal turns ratio. The main power switches can achieve ZVS and the output diodes can realize ZCS in wide input and load range. By utilizing the voltage doubler...
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