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This paper presents the rate of optical absorption in the visible wavelength region for low concentration of ethanol in water. Ethanol absorption rate was measured in neutral, acidic and alkaline medium of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) dye. The absorption rate was measured for 0.01% to 1% ethanol. This non-contact optical system employs tungsten halogen light source and spectrometer from Ocean Optics...
This paper presents the preparation and characteristics of an intensity-based tapered plastic optical fiber (POF) coated with a mixture of poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) and SiO2 for sensing ethanol concentration in H2O. The 1.0 mm-diameter POF was tapered to a diameter of about 730 μm using tensile tester with thermostatic chamber and the total tapered length was 5.0 cm. The tapered section was coated...
This paper reports on a method to determine the dielectric constant of a concrete block using a Microwave Non Destructive Testing (MNDT) at X-band frequency through simulations. Besides the dielectric constant, the behaviour of wave propagating through a Gaussian Optic Lens antenna and the concrete blocks were also analysed. An MNDT environment was modelled using a waveguide port approximation technique...
This project highlights the significant of the high frequency (HF) communication systems in the field of communications. With a frequency spectrum between 3 MHz to 30 MHz an ionosphere reflects this signal frequency range very well. Hence, the HF communication can be applied well in long distance transmission. HF communication is currently applied in radio communications, but applications are still...
The main objective of this project is to develop a technique to classify the ripeness of bananas into 3 categories, which is unripe, ripe and overripe systematically based on their histogram RGB value components. This system involved the process of collecting samples with different level of ripeness, image processing and image classification by using artificial neural network. Collecting bananas sample...
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