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Inhibitory control (IC) emerges in infancy, continues to develop throughout childhood and is linked to later life outcomes such as school achievement, prosocial behavior, and psychopathology. Little, however, is known about the neural processes underpinning IC, especially in 2‐year‐olds. In this study, we examine functional connectivity (FC) in 2.5‐year‐olds while recording hemodynamic responses via...
The ability of the auditory cortex in the brain to distinguish different sounds is important in daily life. This study investigated whether activations in the auditory cortex caused by different sounds can be distinguished using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The hemodynamic responses (HRs) in both hemispheres using fNIRS were measured in 18 subjects while exposing them to four sound...
The ‘cocktail party effect’ has the ability to focus on one audio stimulus while interfered from other stimuli or noise. It will be interesting to extract multi-response in human auditory cortex for multi audio-stimuli. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technique is used to measure hemoglobin changes in the auditory cortex, when a subject listens to the multiple audio-stimuli. As a silent...
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reliability of fast optical signal (FOS) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). In this study, we presented a preliminary study in the detection of FOS from 10 subjects during electrical median nerve stimulation. We used high sampling frequency using continuous-wave NIRS to detect the FOS related to the neural activity. Furthermore, the FOS...
Various neuroimaging modalities have appeared to acquire brain signals for developing a brain-computer interface (BCI). In this article, we review studies on different modalities including both invasive and non-invasive techniques for the implementation of BCIs, for brain signals detection, decoding, feature extraction, and classification. We discuss their advantages, disadvantages, and implementation...
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive methods for acquiring neuronal activation coupled hemodynamic changes from the brain evoked by some particular stimuli. Recently, the study of fNIRS for implementation of brain-computer interface (BCI), for the acquisition and decoding of hemodynamic signals in the brain. In order to generate neuronal signals, arithmetic tasks were administered...
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technique is used to measure concentration of hemodynamic changes (i.e., oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin) in the human brain, while a subject is performing specific cognitive tasks. The advance brain functions related to music are thought to implicate uniquely human abilities, and it is known to have a strong tendency for hemispheric lateralization in the brain...
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) can measure the change of hemodynamic response, it enables to determine the concentration changes of oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin. The aim in this paper is to investigate the forms of lateralization or asymmetry brain function in auditory cortex using fNIRS. This technique shows good promise for assessment of asymmetry functions in the auditory...
The purpose in this paper is to reduced noise of hemodynamic response including physiological noises and motion artifacts. We measured neuronal activation coupled hemodynamic response using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) from five subjects during arithmetical task in the prefrontal cortex. Blind separation into independent components (ICs) as good technique for signal processing is...
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