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In a congested wireless environment, an increasing number of applications require the capability to measure frequency spectrum. This motivates the development of a spectrum-sensing module comprised of a minimal architecture spectrum analyzer with integrated frequency synthesized tuning. The module features a frequency synthesizer with digital frequency controlled inputs and an integrated analog-to-digital...
Although microwave metamaterials may seem unrelated to gamma-ray astrophysics, it is shown that both phenomena may be expressed using left-handed extensions to Maxwell's equations. For metamaterials, such extensions represent the left-handed behavior of materials. For gamma-ray bursts, such extensions represent unknown dispersive processes, such as quantum gravity, where GeV gamma rays commonly arrive...
Left-handed materials are commonly analyzed by using frequency-dependent parameters that include regions of negative permittivity and negative permeability in Maxwell's equations. An alternative approach is presented where both right-handed and left-handed behavior are supported by augmenting Maxwell's equations with additional terms. The proposed equations exhibit typical metamaterial behavior, including...
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