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Seismic design provisions for buildings in Canada, the United States, Chile and New Zealand are presented for buckling restrained braced frames, with focus on design requirements for seismic stability. P-delta effects are explicitly considered in seismic design in Canada, the U.S. and New Zealand. In Chile, stability effects are limited by means of more stringent drift limits. The provisions are applied...
The concept of non-discrimination in deregulated power system is still in debate as the conventional techniques are incapable of establishing fair losses charge allocation. Some of the recent power tracing techniques is workable for non-discriminatory allocation; however, only at certain power system conditions. To provide effectiveness for such purpose, this paper proposes a power tracing technique...
Locating the suitable locations in power system for the purpose of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices installation can be realized via wide variety of techniques, and commonly applied by many researchers are sensitivity analysis and optimization approach. On the other hand, there are also various power tracing techniques have been invented by researchers, but their application...
Providing high security and reliability for a power system is compulsory for a transmission service provider (TRANSCO) as this will affect the performance in terms of stability and economy. This can only be achieved by means of ancillary services like reactive power provision. However, to cover the cost of supplying such services, determination of appropriate methods for allocating the cost to consumers...
A new method to select suitable generators for the purpose of power scheduling has been proposed in this paper, namely Fast Voltage Stability Index Generation Tracing (FVSI-GT). Contrary to previous power tracing techniques which select the generators based on the magnitude of traced power, the proposed technique performs the generator selection based on the stability index contributed by individual...
The inability of traditional methods in providing fair and non-discriminatory transmission service pricing has attracted many researchers to streamline the existing methods, or invent some methods that can improve the weakness. Transaction based allocation like MW mile, contract path, and postage stamp allocation are the examples of traditional technique applied by many transmission service providers...
In deregulated power system, the only way to provide fair and non-discriminatory transmission service pricing is by applying electricity tracing methods. The weakness of conventional methods like transaction based allocation has resulted to inaccurate transmission cost allocation as the physical power system constraints are not taken into account; whereas the proportional sharing principle (PSP) based...
There are various types of method applied for allocating reactive power usage charge among generators and loads, and the most frequent techniques are transaction based charge allocation, sensitivity analysis and reactive power tracing. Studies have revealed that application of power tracing in reactive power market has reflected an acceptable economic signal and in virtue of that, this paper proposes...
Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) device that can control the power flow in transmission lines by injecting active and reactive voltage components in series with the lines using power converter modules, based on an externally dc-link voltage. As the power flow has been controlled, this device is capable of minimizing the overall system...
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