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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) mainly composed of a number of sensor nodes whose prime responsibility is to sense various events from the surrounding, do the processing on top of it and finally propagate the meaningful information to the observer through multiple intermediate nodes. Area coverage is one of the issues in WSN that guarantees the selected active nodes among all the deployed nodes should...
Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) consist of many self organized sensor nodes to monitor various activities like temperature, pressure, health condition, intrusion detection, etc. These sensor nodes mostly sense the events happening around them, process the sensed data, and send it to the base station using multiple hops. The base station is connected to the outside world who wants to access these sensed...
Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) consists of hundreds of nodes which are of low power, low cost, and tiny devices. The main functionality of these nodes is to sense the environment and send the sensed data to the observer. In order to validate and get the significance of sensing data, location information of the sensor node needs to be combined with the sensed data. In addition to this, there are many...
Clock synchronization in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) assures that sensor nodes have the same reference clock time. This is necessary not only for various WSN applications but also for many system level protocols for WSNs such as MAC protocols, and protocols for sleep scheduling of sensor nodes. Clock value of a node at a particular instant of time depends on its initial value and the frequency...
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes distributed over a geographical area. A basic problem of WSNs is to reduce their energy consumption in order to enhance their life time. So, minimizing energy consumption becomes the most critical factor in the design of almost all WSN protocols. For end-to-end data transmission, media access control (MAC) and routing protocols...
Wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely implemented on a large scale that deals with monitoring and controlling the real environment. Coverage and connectivity are the two most active areas of concerned and also these functionalities are desired in WSN. Connectivity in WSN is generally defined as how well the nodes are connected so that the sink node must receive every bit of information sent...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of hundreds of sensor nodes, which are tiny, low cost, low power radio devices. These nodes are dedicated to perform certain functions such as sensing the environment, collecting the sensed data from the surrounding area, processing those data and send the information to the observer. One of the major challenges in WSN is to cover the desired area which is used...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging area of research in the field of communication. With the explosive growth of its applications, WSN goes through various challenges. One of the important challenges is to maintain both coverage and connectivity in WSN. In this paper, we address the issue of maintaining sensing coverage and network connectivity in WSN by keeping a minimal number of sensor...
The business continuity is essential for any enterprise application where remote replication enables customers to store the data on a Logical Disk (LDisk) at the local site and replicate the same at remote locations. In case of a disaster at local site, the replicated LDisk (remote copy) at remote site is marked as primary copy and the remote copy is made available without any downtime. The replication...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have accelerated tremendous research efforts with an aim to maximize the lifetime of battery-powered sensor nodes and, by extension, the overall network lifetime. With an objective to prolong the lifetime of WSN, reducing energy consumption turns out to be the most crucial factors for almost all WSN protocols, particularly for the MAC protocol that directly ensures...
Clock synchronization is an extremely important requirement of wireless sensor networks(WSNs). There are many application scenarios such as weather monitoring and forecasting etc. where external clock synchronization may be required because WSN itself may consists of components which are not connected to each other. A usual approach for external clock synchronization in WSNs is to synchronize the...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of small and low cost sensor nodes powered by small batteries and equipped with various sensing devices. Usually, for many applications, once a WSN is deployed, probably in an inhospitable terrain, it is expected to gather the required data for quite some time, say for years. Since each sensor node has limited energy, these nodes are usually...
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